Clinical evidence
A selection of peer-reviewed publications, prospective studies and conference proceedings documenting Trexo's use in pediatric over-ground ambulation. All studies cited support active walking outcomes; no therapeutic claims are made.
Clinical & biomechanical outcomes
Landwehr-Prakel et al. · 2025
Cardiovascular load of using a walker-based exoskeleton in children with cerebral palsy (NCT05520359).Cohort study · RESNA Annual Conference 2025
University of Washington / Seattle Children's collaboration measuring heart-rate response and cardiovascular demand during Trexo sessions, to establish that walker-based exoskeleton use delivers a meaningful aerobic stimulus for children with CP.
Hilderley et al. · 2025
Overground robotic walker use in the home and community: a six-month prospective cohort study.Prospective single-cohort study · J NeuroEng Rehabil 23:22
First long-term home/community study of an over-ground robotic walker in children with mobility impairments. Followed families for six months and reported on usage patterns, safety, and changes in gross motor function, participation and caregiver-rated goals.
Bradley, Chau, Kawamura & Wright · 2024
Physiotherapy-assisted overground exoskeleton use: mixed-methods feasibility study protocol quantifying user experience and functional, neural and muscular outcomes in children with mobility impairments (NCT05463211).Interventional study protocol · Front Neurosci
Holland Bloorview / PEARL Lab study using Trexo in school and outpatient settings. Combines gait, EEG and EMG measures with qualitative interviews to build a whole-system picture of how exoskeleton-assisted physiotherapy affects minimally ambulant children.
Hodgson et al. · 2025
Smaller and thinner long bones in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy and other neuromotor impairments.Cross-sectional imaging study · Front Endocrinol
Imaging study quantifying bone geometry deficits in non-ambulant children, underlining why weight-bearing interventions such as robotic over-ground walking matter for long-term skeletal health.
Patient & caregiver reported outcomes
Sisodiya et al. · 2025
Impacts of the Trexo robotic exoskeleton on caregiver perceptions of children's mobility: a qualitative study.
Qualitative study (abstract)
Caregiver-reported outcomes describing how access to a robotic walker reshapes daily routines, family expectations and perceived independence for the child.
Youngblood et al. · 2026
What are the experiences of children and families who use a robotic walker in their home environment? A qualitative study.Qualitative study (pre-print) · medRxiv
Interview study with families using a robotic walker at home, exploring motivation, integration into daily life, perceived benefits and the practical barriers parents encounter.
Preliminary data & conference proceedings
Dierwechter et al. · 2024
Journey to 1 million steps: a retrospective case series on the implementation of robotic-assisted gait training in an outpatient pediatric clinic.Retrospective case series · Pediatr Phys Ther
Real-world clinic implementation report: how an outpatient pediatric team integrated Trexo into their gait-training program and accumulated more than a million assisted steps across their caseload.
Doherty-Regalia et al. · 2025
Examining single-session effects of spinal stimulation and robotic exoskeleton use in children with cerebral palsy.
Study abstract
Pilot work combining transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation with robotic over-ground walking to look for additive neuromuscular effects in a single session.
Youngblood et al. · 2025
RObotic WAlking for children who CAnnot WAlk (RoWaCaWa): feasibility, family impacts and perspectives of a family-led intervention.Interventional study (pre-print) · medRxiv
Family-led home robotic walking intervention in non-ambulant children with conditions including CP, spina bifida and brain or spinal injury. Reports on feasibility, adherence and family-reported outcomes.
Kolakowsky-Hayner et al. · 2024
Overground gait training with a wearable robot in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized clinical trial.Randomized clinical trial · JAMA Network
Randomized trial of over-ground robot-assisted gait training in children with CP, evaluating walking capacity, endurance and gross motor function against usual care.
Youngblood et al. · 2025
Understanding how a 12-week robotics walking intervention impacts the physical function of children living with mobility impairments.
Conference poster
Pre/post evaluation of physical-function changes following a 12-week structured robotic walking program.
Youngblood et al. · 2025
Understanding physical activity facilitated by a single session of robotic walking for children and small adults living with severe mobility impairments.
Prospective study
Quantifies step count, active time and intensity of physical activity achieved during a single robotic walking session for users who otherwise have very limited options for active movement.
Diot et al. · 2023
Robot-assisted gait training with Trexo Home: users, usage and initial impacts.Observational case series · Children (MDPI) 10:437
First published description of who uses Trexo Home, how often and at what intensity, alongside early reports of changes in gross motor function and caregiver-rated outcomes.
Tanner K et al. · 2023
MMG processing pipeline and feature-extraction program to quantify onset of muscle fatigue during robotic gait training.
Conference poster
Engineering work building a mechanomyography (MMG) signal-processing pipeline to detect muscle fatigue in real time during Trexo sessions, with the goal of personalizing session intensity.
Diot et al. · 2022
Robot-assisted gait training for children with impaired mobility: who is using it and how much?
Conference poster
Early descriptive analysis of the home Trexo user population — diagnoses, ages, GMFCS levels and weekly usage patterns — that informed the later peer-reviewed Diot 2023 paper.
Sarajchi, Al-Hares & Sirlantzis · 2021
Wearable lower-limb exoskeleton for children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review of mechanical design, actuation type, control strategy and clinical evaluation.Systematic review · IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 29:2695–2720
Comprehensive review of pediatric lower-limb exoskeletons, comparing mechanical architectures, actuation and control approaches, and the clinical evidence available for each device — useful context for where Trexo sits in the field.