Clinical evidence
A selection of peer-reviewed publications, prospective studies and conference proceedings documenting Trexo's use in pediatric over-ground ambulation. All studies cited support active walking outcomes; no therapeutic claims are made.
Clinical & biomechanical outcomes
Postol et al. · 2026
"Stepping forward": wearable overground exoskeletons can improve gait and balance in people with cerebral palsy — a systematic review with meta-analysis.Systematic review with meta-analysis · Disability and Rehabilitation
Cerebral Palsy Alliance / University of Sydney review of 86 references covering wearable overground exoskeletons used in cerebral palsy, including Trexo Plus. The pooled analysis reports gains in gait and balance measures across the included studies and frames overground robotic walking as a credible rehabilitation pathway for this population.
Landwehr-Prakel et al. · 2025
Cardiovascular load of using a walker-based exoskeleton in children with cerebral palsy (NCT05520359).Cohort study · RESNA Annual Conference 2025
University of Washington / Seattle Children's collaboration measuring heart-rate response and cardiovascular demand during Trexo sessions, to establish that walker-based exoskeleton use delivers a meaningful aerobic stimulus for children with CP.
Hilderley et al. · 2025
Overground robotic walker use in the home and community: a six-month prospective cohort study.Prospective single-cohort study · J NeuroEng Rehabil 23:22
First long-term home/community study of an over-ground robotic walker in children with mobility impairments. Followed families for six months and reported on usage patterns, safety, and changes in gross motor function, participation and caregiver-rated goals.
Bradley, Chau, Kawamura & Wright · 2024
Physiotherapy-assisted overground exoskeleton use: mixed-methods feasibility study protocol quantifying user experience and functional, neural and muscular outcomes in children with mobility impairments (NCT05463211).Interventional study protocol · Front Neurosci
Holland Bloorview / PEARL Lab study using Trexo in school and outpatient settings. Combines gait, EEG and EMG measures with qualitative interviews to build a whole-system picture of how exoskeleton-assisted physiotherapy affects minimally ambulant children.
Hodgson et al. · 2025
Smaller and thinner long bones in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy and other neuromotor impairments.Cross-sectional imaging study · Front Endocrinol
Imaging study quantifying bone geometry deficits in non-ambulant children, underlining why weight-bearing interventions such as robotic over-ground walking matter for long-term skeletal health.
Patient & caregiver reported outcomes
Sisodiya et al. · 2025
Impacts of the Trexo robotic exoskeleton on caregiver perceptions of children's mobility: a qualitative study.
Qualitative study (abstract)
Caregiver-reported outcomes describing how access to a robotic walker reshapes daily routines, family expectations and perceived independence for the child.
Youngblood et al. · 2026
What are the experiences of children and families who use a robotic walker in their home environment? A qualitative study.Qualitative study (pre-print) · medRxiv
Interview study with families using a robotic walker at home, exploring motivation, integration into daily life, perceived benefits and the practical barriers parents encounter.
Preliminary data & conference proceedings
Dierwechter et al. · 2024
Journey to 1 million steps: a retrospective case series on the implementation of robotic-assisted gait training in an outpatient pediatric clinic.Retrospective case series · Pediatr Phys Ther
Real-world clinic implementation report: how an outpatient pediatric team integrated Trexo into their gait-training program and accumulated more than a million assisted steps across their caseload.
Doherty-Regalia et al. · 2025
Examining single-session effects of spinal stimulation and robotic exoskeleton use in children with cerebral palsy.
Study abstract
Pilot work combining transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation with robotic over-ground walking to look for additive neuromuscular effects in a single session.
Youngblood et al. · 2025
RObotic WAlking for children who CAnnot WAlk (RoWaCaWa): feasibility, family impacts and perspectives of a family-led intervention.Interventional study (pre-print) · medRxiv
Family-led home robotic walking intervention in non-ambulant children with conditions including CP, spina bifida and brain or spinal injury. Reports on feasibility, adherence and family-reported outcomes.
Kolakowsky-Hayner et al. · 2024
Overground gait training with a wearable robot in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized clinical trial.Randomized clinical trial · JAMA Network
Randomized trial of over-ground robot-assisted gait training in children with CP, evaluating walking capacity, endurance and gross motor function against usual care.
Youngblood et al. · 2025
Understanding how a 12-week robotics walking intervention impacts the physical function of children living with mobility impairments.
Conference poster
Pre/post evaluation of physical-function changes following a 12-week structured robotic walking program.
Youngblood et al. · 2025
Understanding physical activity facilitated by a single session of robotic walking for children and small adults living with severe mobility impairments.
Prospective study
Quantifies step count, active time and intensity of physical activity achieved during a single robotic walking session for users who otherwise have very limited options for active movement.
Diot et al. · 2023
Robot-assisted gait training with Trexo Home: users, usage and initial impacts.Observational case series · Children (MDPI) 10:437
First published description of who uses Trexo Home, how often and at what intensity, alongside early reports of changes in gross motor function and caregiver-rated outcomes.
Tanner K et al. · 2023
MMG processing pipeline and feature-extraction program to quantify onset of muscle fatigue during robotic gait training.
Conference poster
Engineering work building a mechanomyography (MMG) signal-processing pipeline to detect muscle fatigue in real time during Trexo sessions, with the goal of personalizing session intensity.
Diot et al. · 2022
Robot-assisted gait training for children with impaired mobility: who is using it and how much?
Conference poster
Early descriptive analysis of the home Trexo user population — diagnoses, ages, GMFCS levels and weekly usage patterns — that informed the later peer-reviewed Diot 2023 paper.
Sarajchi, Al-Hares & Sirlantzis · 2021
Wearable lower-limb exoskeleton for children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review of mechanical design, actuation type, control strategy and clinical evaluation.Systematic review · IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 29:2695–2720
Comprehensive review of pediatric lower-limb exoskeletons, comparing mechanical architectures, actuation and control approaches, and the clinical evidence available for each device — useful context for where Trexo sits in the field.